青春期前期女子艺术体操运动员骨骼生长及代谢研究

Research on Bone Growth and Metabolism of Female Artistic Gymnastics Trainer in Peripubertal

目的:通过对参加艺术体操训练1年的青春期前期女子运动员进行骨密度、骨几何参数以及骨代谢相关生化标志物的检测分析,为艺术体操训练能有效促进青春期前期女子骨骼发展提供理论基础;方法:选取12名参加艺术体操训练1年的青春期前期女子运动员以及相同年龄段的未参加艺术体操训练的小学女生作为研究对象,通过双能X射线扫描仪对全身及局部区域的骨密度进行检测,并结合股骨强度分析软件获得两组研究对象的股骨颈的骨几何参数。此外,通过免疫学方法对两组研究对象的血样进行碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素和I型胶原C端肽含量测定;结果:参加艺术体操训练能使整体骨密度增加约10%,主要关节部位骨密度增加约为15%。在骨几何参数方面,截面面积、皮质骨厚度、剖面系数都有显著增加,但抗曲化率则存在一定程度上的下降。碱性磷酸酶浓度与对照组相比有显著上升,增加幅度高达32.7%,血清骨钙素与I型胶原C端肽与对照组相比增加约20%;结论:参加艺术体操锻炼对于青春期前期的女性能有效提高骨密度,对股骨颈的骨骼强度和抗骨折能力也有较大程度的提升。生化标志物分析结果表明,骨矿物质吸收能力和骨骼形成能力有显著增强。因此,长期艺术体操训练对青春期前期的女性有利于骨骼的健康发展。

Objective：The purpose of present study was to evaluate the effect of bone mineral density, bone geometry of femoral neck and bone biochemical markers, which would serve as a theoretical underpinning for the long-term artistic gymnastics as is beneficial to bone develop- ment for the girls in peripubertal. Methods： 24 healthy peripubertal girls were split into two groups who had stuck to a year for artistic gymnastics training or not. The Bone Mineral Den- sity （BMD） at whole body and local body were determined using dual-X-ray absorptiometry. Hip structural analysis （HSA software） was applied for bone geometry of femoral neck. In ad- dition, hollow exsanguinate assay was processed to determine alkali phosphatase, osteocalcin and type I-C telopeptide breakdown products. Results： Artistic gymnastics training could in- crease the BMD about 10% at whole body and about 15% at ioint. Sectional area, cortical thickness, section modulus had a significant increase at femoral neck, but the buckling ratio de- creased in some degree. The concentration of alkali phosphatase had a significant increase more than 32.7%,as well as an increase of 20% for that of osteocalcin and type I-C telopeptide breakdown products. Conclusion ： Artistic gymnastics training in peripubertal not only benefit to an increase in BMD but also an improvement in bone strength and anti-fracture ability. Bio- chemical markers analysis delivered the fact that the ability of absorbancy of bone minerals and that of bone formation had been significant increased. Therefore, lone-term artistic gymnastics training is helpful for the development of bone in peripubertal girls.