不同个性中国女大学生经前期综合征的症状及其应对方式研究

Relationships between premenstrual syndrome symptoms and coping styles in female college students with different personalities

目的探讨不同个性类型女大学生经前期综合征(premenstrualsyndrome,PMS)相关症状及其应对方式的差异,为不同个性女大学生经前期综合征制定个体化干预方案提供科学依据。方法通过多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取中国不同地区12所大学,72个班2508名女大学生为调查对象,采用艾森克人格问卷、月经症状量表以及月经应对方式量表进行调查。资料分析利用SPSSWindowsProgram18.0进行单向分类-方差分析。结果不同个性女大学生经前期综合征的症状总分之间,差异有统计学意义(F=53.38,P<0.001)。不同个性女大学生的PMS症状6个领域即疼痛、注意力下降、行为改变、自主神经反应、钠水潴留、否定情绪反应分数之间,差异亦均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。内向稳定型和外向稳定型、内向不稳定型和外向不稳定型分数之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但内向稳定型、外向稳定型分别与内向不稳定型、外向不稳定型分数进行比较,不稳定型得分高,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。不同个性女大学生PMS各种应对方式即一般应对方式、积极行为应对方式、积极认知应对方式、消极应对方式的分数之间,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。内向稳定型分别和内向不稳定型、外向稳定型、外向不稳定型分数比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。结论不同个性女大学生的PMS相关症状及其应对方式存在差异,应根据不同个性类别给予针对性的干预方案,为女大学生个体化性健康教育程序的制定提供可靠的理论依据。

Objective To explore the relationships between premenstrual syndrome （PMS） symptoms, coping styles and personalities, and to provide scientific basis for making the individual intervention plans of PMS to female college students with different personalities. Methods Through multistage stratified cluster random sampling, the fresh female students from 12 universities ,72 classes in different districts of China were recruited. Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ） , Menstrual Distress Questionnaire （MDQ） and Menstruation Coping Scale were used. The data was analyzed using one- way analysis of variance （ ANOVA ） , and tested using Tukey by software SPSS 18.0. Results There were significant differences in PMS symptoms among female college students of different personalities（ F = 53.38 ,P 〈 0. 001 ）. There were also significant differences in 6 dimensions of PMS symptoms： pain, decreased attention,changing behaviors, autonomic nerve reactions, accumulation of moisture and sodium,denying emotion reactions（ P 〈 0. 001 ）. There weren＇ t significant differences between the score of introversive stability personality and that of extrovertive stability personality, and also be- tween introversive instability personality and extrovertive instability personality （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. But there existed significant differences between the score of introversive instability personality and that of introversive stability personality, and also between extrovertive instability and that of extrovertive stability （ P 〈 0. 001 ）. There were significant differences in 4 di- mensions of PMS coping styles among female college students of different personalities ： general coping style, positive be-havior coping style, positive cognition coping styleand negative behavior coping style （ P 〈 0. 001 ）. There were significant differences between the score of introversive stability personali- ty and those of introversive instability, extrovertive instability, extrovertive stability （ P 〈 O. 001 ）. Conclusion Through this study, we find that female college students of different personalities had different symptoms of PMS and coping styles. According to the different personalities ,we made targeted interven- tion plan, and provided reliable theory basis for making individual health education program to female college students.