问题结构因素对伦敦塔问题解决的影响

The Impact of Problem Structure on the Performance of Tower of London Task

以121名2,4,6年级小学生为被试,采用计算机呈现的方式,探讨了子目标和次佳路径这两个问题结构因素对伦敦塔问题解决表现的影响。结果发现:子目标和次佳路径两个因素存在交互作用,解决有子目标-无次佳路径问题时的计划指标要高于其他类型问题。根据被试在伦敦塔任务上的表现,划分为三大类7种表现类型。当存在不同的问题结构因素时,问题解决表现类型体现出差异性。

This study aimed on problem solving of to examine the impact Tower of London tasks. of two problem structure factors （subgoal and suboptimal alternative） 121 primary school children on grade 2-6 were tested by computers. The results revealed that the subgoal factor had interactive effect with suboptimal alternative factor on planning. The planning of subgoalno-suboptimal alternative ToL task was higher than that on the other three kinds of tasks. The ToL problem solving types could be distinguished into seven according to different problem solving solutions. The performances of problem solving were changed according to different problem structure factors.