活性Bi_2O_3/橡胶复合材料的制备及γ射线辐射防护性能研究

Preparation and the study of γ-ray protective properties of activated Bi_2O_3/rubber composite

利用机械球磨法通过加入复合表面活性剂制备粒径分布均匀的活性Bi2O3微/纳米粉体,以浆体形式加入天然胶乳中,制备具有良好力学强度及γ射线防护性能的活性Bi2O3/橡胶复合材料。采用激光粒度分析仪、XRD、荧光(PL)、FT-IR、SEM、电子万能试验机、NaI(Tl)探测仪等方法对粒子的化学组成、粒径分布和光致发光以及复合橡胶的力学性能、γ射线辐射防护特性做了分析和表征。结果表明,以酪素为主的双子季铵盐/PVP复合表面修饰得到的活性Bi2O3粒径分布均匀,平均粒径为120nm,分散稳定性良好,其复合橡胶对241Am为点源的59.5keV的γ射线屏蔽率可达23.97%,力学强度显著高于未添加活性Bi2O3的纯天然橡胶。

By adding different surfactants and using mechanical milling method, in this study, we prepared the activated Bi2O3 micro/nano powder with uniform particle size distribution, and then added them into natural rubber latex in the form of slurry to prepare the activated Bi2 O3/rubber composites with good mechanical prop- erties andγ-ray protective performance. Using the laser particle size analyzer, XRD, fluorescence（PL）, FT-IR, SEM, electronic universal testing machine, NaI（T1） detectors, this study analyzed and characterized the chemi- cal composition of the particles, particle size distribution, light-induced luminescence, the mechanical properties of composite rubber and γ-ray protective performance. The results showed the activated Bi2 O3 particles modi- fied by casein-based composite surfactants has average particle size of 120nm and good dispersion stability;the γ-ray shielding rate of activated Bi2 03/rubber composite increased to 23.97% at 241 Am point source of 59.5keV γ-ray, the mechanical strength was significantly higher than those natural rubber without adding activated Bi2O3.