苎麻属野生植物农艺性状、纤维物理性能及其相关性研究

Agronomic Traits,Fiber Physical Properties and Their Correlation of Wild Boehmeria

对苎麻属野生植物农艺性状、纤维物理性能及其二者相关性进行研究,结果表明:苎麻属植物各农艺性状值表现均不及栽培苎麻,尤以茎粗、鲜皮厚度、鲜皮重和原麻重表现较甚,分别较对照减幅为42.37%-77.97%、20.00%-70.00%、54.92%-98.77%和67.90%-98.83%;野生植物中密球苎麻、水苎麻和疏毛水苎麻的纤维细度较高,分别较栽培苎麻高出27.89%、23.81%和6.73%,表明野生苎麻中存在高细度优良基因;纤维细度除与原麻长度呈较小正相关性外,与其它农艺性状指标达不同程度负相关;说明苎麻属野生种质在提高栽培苎麻产量上应用价值不大,但在提供选育优良纤维基因,改善纤维品质上具有重要应用价值。

The agronomic traits, fiber physical properties and their correlation of wild Boehmeria were studied. The results showed that the values of agronomic traits of Boehmeria were less than that of the cultivated varieties especially that of stem diameter, fresh bast thickness, fresh bast weight and raw fiber weight, which was 42.37% -77.97%, 20.00%-70.00%, 54.92-98.77% and 67.90%-98.83% less than the controls, respectively. The fiber fineness of dense ball ramie, water ramie and sparse hair water ramie was high and 27.89%, 23.81% and 6.73% more than the controls, respectively, indicating that high fineness genes existed in wild Boehmeria. Fiber fineness and raw fiber length showed a small positive correlation, were of varying degrees of negative correlation with other agronomic traits. Wild Boehmeria germplasms may contribute less in the productivity while more in the genetic breeding to improve fiber quality.