不同施肥及采剪措施对香叶天竺葵出油率及生物产量的影响

The Impact of Fertilization Measures and Harvest Times on Oil Extraction Rate and Biomass Yield of Pelargonium gravelens L.

为研究施肥措施及采剪时期对香叶天竺葵的出油率及生物量的影响,于2011年3-9月对云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所试验基地种植的香叶天竺葵(Pelargonium gravelens L.)进行不同施肥方法及不同采剪时期对出油率和生物量影响的试验研究。结果表明:施N、P、K复合肥比单一施氮肥出油率高,施N、P、K复合肥的同时再进行叶面喷施磷酸二氢钾出油率最高;春季进行采剪的香叶天竺葵出油率低,夏秋季采剪则出油率较高;采剪50 cm以上的壮枝,保留底部弱嫩枝条继续生长的采剪措施,其可采剪次数以及所获得的生物量与整株一次采剪完相比明显增加。说明不同施肥方法及采剪时期的选择对香叶天竺葵出油率影响较大,采剪措施是获得香叶天竺葵生物产量的关键因素之一。

The the impact of fertilization measures and harvest methods on oil extraction rate and biomass yield of Pelargonium gravelens L was studied from March to September in 2011, The results showed that the oil extraction rate of NPK compound fertilizing was significantly higher than that of partial nitrogen; the oil extraction rate of applying NPK compound fertilizer with foliar application of potassium dihydrogen phosphate was the highest of all; and the oil extraction rate that harvested in summer and autumn were significantly higher than that harvested in spring; and the biomass yield by only harvesting the plant parts above 50era and leaving the weaker and tender parts to grow was significantly higher than that by harvesting the whole plant one time . The study identified that the fertilization measures and the harvest times were the important factors to make high oil rate and biomass yield of Pelargonium gravelens L.