统筹解决我国流动人口问题的路径选择及对策建议

Approaches to Comprehensively Addressing the Migrant Population Issue in China

随着工业化、城镇化和农业现代化的加速推进,我国流动人口规模不断扩大,并在年龄、受教育程度、流向和流动性等方面出现了新的特点。人口流动对经济社会发展既带来积极作用,也带来了一定挑战。文章借鉴刘易斯模型、托达罗模型、推拉模型的相关理论,对统筹解决流动人口问题的总体思路进行了论证,提出可针对不同人群,按照先易后难的原则,通过"原籍吸附、就近消化、落户沉淀、稳定居住"的路径,使其总量平稳递减、流向合理有序、服务可及均等、社会融合顺畅。最后,从构建框架、完善制度、均等服务、建立机制四方面,提出了引导人口合理有序流动、畅通从迁徙到落户通道、推进基本公共服务均等化、促进社会融入等对策建议。

There is increasing size of migrant population with new features in patterns of age, education, direction of migration and mobility intensity in the context of advancing industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization in China. Migration has brought about both positive effects and challenges to economic and social development. Borrowing from Lewis Model, Todaro Model and the Push and Pull Theory, this paper explores the approaches to comprehensively addressing the migrant population issue in China ： sticking io the ＂easy first and difficult later＂ principle in addressing the issues faced by various population groups, taking appropriate measures in both the places of origin and desti- nation to gradually decrease the migrant population, rationalize directions of migration, ensure accessible and equal services, and smoothen social integration. This study offers policy suggestions in constructing an institutional framework of equalizing services, establishing mechanisms, and promoting social integration of migrant population in China.