氮肥用量对芸豆叶绿素含量和子粒营养品质影响的研究

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate on the Chlorophyll Content and Quality of Kidney Bean

以4个不同芸豆品种为材料,设5个氮肥处理,研究了不同施氮用量对芸豆功能叶片叶绿素含量和子粒营养品质的影响。结果表明,4个芸豆品种功能叶片叶绿素含量随着生育期的推进呈单峰曲线变化,在结荚期达到峰值;施纯氮30kg/hm2可以有效地提高叶绿素含量。品芸2号和龙芸4号子粒蛋白质含量随着结荚后天数增加呈双峰曲线变化,峰值分别出现在结荚后21d和35d;英国红和龙芸6号子粒蛋白含量呈单峰曲线变化,峰值出现在结荚后28d;在结荚过程中品芸2号、龙芸6号和龙芸4号的N30处理子粒蛋白质含量最高,而英国红则在N45处理时最高。从芸豆子粒营养品质方面来说,N30处理对于蛋白质、直连淀粉、支链淀粉、总淀粉和粗脂肪的影响效果较好。

Four varieties and five nitrogen fertilizer treatments were applied to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer on the chlorophyll content and nutritional quality of kidney bean. The chlorophyll content in functional leaves of the four varieties presented a single peak curve during the growth period, reaching its highest at the pod hearing stage. The treatment of 30kg pure nitrogen per hector can effectively improve the chlorophyll contents in kidney bean leav- es. The grain protein contents of variety Pinyun 2 and Longyun 4 presented bimodal curve after podding, peaks ap- peared on the 21st day and the 35th day after podding. While grain protein contents of variety British Red and Longyun 6 presented single peak curve after podding, which appeared on the 28th day after podding. Under N30 treatment, the grain protein contents of Pinyun 2, Longyun 6 and Longyun 4 were higher than other treatments ; While the grain protein content of British Red shown its highest value under N45 tretment. Considering the grain nutritional quality of kidney bean,the effects of N30 treatment on protein, straight starch, amylopectin, total starch and crude fat is the best.