二氧化碳捕集研究进展及对策建议

Research Progress and Some Countermeasures of Carbon Dioxide Capture

指出了全球极端天气频发,CCS是应对气候变化问题最具发展前景的解决方案之一。国内外目前CO2捕集主要有3条技术路线:燃烧前分离、燃烧后分离和富氧燃烧脱碳。其中,燃烧后捕集技术较成熟,主要有溶剂吸收法、膜分离法、吸附法和低温分离法。国内正在运行的二氧化碳捕集示范工程中,电厂CO2捕集主要的源头,以燃烧后捕集方式为主,年减排量在万吨级别。碳捕集技术的研究主体主要集中在油气行业、煤炭行业和电力行业。中国已量化2020年的温室气体减排目标,可以预见中国石油石化行业未来将承担相应的减排任务。传统石油天然气生产商在开发利用CCS技术方面具有先天优势,中国石油石化行业应把握时机促进国家在CCS相关利好政策的出台,重视技术研发与国际合作,降低高昂成本。

CCS is one of the most promising solutions to address climate change issues as the extreme weather appear frequently all around the world. There are three technical routes for CO2 capture： pre-- combustion separation, post--combustion separation and oxygen enriched combustion. The post--combustion capture is more mature than other technologies, which includes solvent absorption method, membrane separation meth- od,adsorption method and low temperature separation method. Among CO2 capture demonstration project in China,power plants are the main source of post--combustion capture which annual emission reduction can reach 10000--ton level. The carbon capture technology research is mainly concentrated in the oil and gas in- dustry, coal industry and power industry. China has already quantified greenhouse gas emission reduction targets for 2020,which can foresee that in future China＇s petroleum and petrochemical industry will bear the corre- sponding reduction tasks. Conventional oil and natural gas producers have inherent advantages in the development and utilization of CCS technology,therefore petroleum and petrochemical industries in China should seize the opportunity to promote related favorable policies in CCS, and pay attention to technology research and international cooperation to reduce the high cost.