文化立省:清代湖南的文化工程和湖湘文化形象的塑造

On Cultural Projects and Culture Image Creation of Hunan Province in Qing Dynasty

湖湘文化源远流长,然而对它的自觉意识与主动建构却以清代湖南建省为契机。自康熙年间湖南与湖北分治以来,湘人文化上的独立意识日益高涨,举办了一系列文化工程。通过科举分闱、编修省志等活动,不仅获得了独立举办乡试的权力,而且构建了一套有关湖南历史文化的叙述体系,凸显了湖南文物教化日新月异的气象。通过修纂地方诗征、地方文征,向世人集中展示湖湘文化史的成果,再现了湖湘文化的风采,改变了湖南群苗杂处、边僻无文的形象。这些文化建构活动为近代湖湘文化的兴起奠定了基础。

Although Huxiang Culture has a long history,its consciousness and initiative construction began in Qing Dynasty as a turning point of Hunan became a province.Since separated from Huguang province in Kangxi Emperor period in Qing Dynasty,Hunan’s cultural independence consciousness was strengthened day by day.Through holding the imperial examination at the provincial level and compiling provincial annals,a set of narrative system of Hunan history and culture was constructed,highlighting Huxiang culture’s new style.By compiling local poems and articles as anthologies,a showcase of Huxiang culture’s achievements was provided,and Hunan’s old image was changed.These kinds of cultural construction activities laid the foundation for modern Huxiang culture’s rise.