普拉斯《阿里尔》诗集中的文化记忆

The Cultural Memory in Plath's Poetry Collection Ariel

评论界惯常认为普拉斯的经典诗集《阿里尔》是她在婚姻破裂时极端情感的"自白",个人记忆的表达。本文通过从文化记忆的视角诠释她的《阿里尔》诗集中的名字所包含的文化记忆、文化记忆下大屠杀的恐惧、文化记忆下的核战争,以使读者摆脱"自白"对她的诗歌的束缚从而真正理解《阿里尔》诗集。诗集被置于历史时空中审视时不仅是普拉斯个体记忆的缩影,更是集体文化记忆的再现,它展示了诗人作为自白派诗人的个体痛苦和经历,也暗含了诗人对政治和历史中集体记忆的关注,尤其是对二战和战后的超级大国之间的冷战等一系列国际事件给人们带来的恐惧的关注。作为20世纪伟大的美国女诗人,普拉斯以其独特的诗歌书写了特别的文化记忆并且重构了历史和现实。

Ariel, Plath’s classical poetry collection, is often viewed by critics as Plath’s confession of extreme emotions in face of her broken marriage, and the expression of her personal memory. This paper aims at exploring the cultural memory in the title Ariel, the fear of massacre and the nuclear war so as to enable readers to get rid of the constraint of ＂confession＂ and to understand that Ariel, put in the history of time, is no only the epitome of an individual memory but the representation of the collective culture. This collection reveals her personal pain and experience as a confessional poet as well as her concern with the collective memory of politics and history, especially the fear with a chain of world events such as World War Ⅱ and the Cold War between superpowers. Being a great American women poet of the twentieth century, Plath engenders special cultural memory and reconstructs history and reality in her unique poetry.