二膦酸盐局部注射对去势正畸牙大鼠牙周组织改建的影响

Effects of Zoledronate solution on experimental remodeling of powered periodontal tissues in adult rats

目的观察二膦酸盐对成年去势大鼠牙周组织受正畸力后牙齿移动距离及破骨细胞数量的影响。方法10周龄雌性Wistar大鼠60只,随机分为模型组、加药组、对照组各20只,对照组大鼠行假卵巢切除术,模型组、加药组大鼠均经双侧腰背侧切口行双侧卵巢切除术,建立去势大鼠模型。术后7周,3组均建立正畸牙移动模型,牵引上颌第一磨牙向近中移动,调整正畸力值约30 g。于加力开始前3 d,在加药组大鼠上颌第一磨牙黏骨膜下靠近根分歧处注射500μmol/L(50μL)的Zoledronate溶液,另两组相同部位注射同量生理盐水。加药组及模型组分别在牵引第3、7、14、21天处死大鼠后测量牙齿移动距离并进行牙齿牙周联合切片的组织学观察。结果与对照组、模型组比较,加药组7、14、21 d牙齿移动距离明显减少(P均<0.05);与对照组比较,模型组7、14、21 d牙齿移动距离明显增加(P均<0.05)。与模型组及对照组比较,加药组7、14、21 d破骨细胞计数减少(P均<0.05);与对照组比较,模型组3、7、14、21 d破骨细胞计数增加(P均<0.05)。结论局部注射二膦酸盐能显著减少去势大鼠牙周组织受力后破骨细胞的产生,同时能显著降低牙齿移动距离,有利于牙周组织的改建。

Objective To investigate the effect of Zoledronate solution on distance of tooth movement and number of osteoclasts after the experimental remodeling of powered periodontal tissues taken orthodontic tooth movement in ovariecto-mized adult rats. Methods Sixty 10 week old female Wister rats were randomly divided into three groups： the model group, the control group and the Zoledronate solution group. Phony oophorectomy was conducted to the rats in the control group, and the bilateral oophorectomy which was can＇ied out by making bilateral waist-back incision was conducted to the rats in the model group and the Zoledronate solution group to form the ovariectomized rat model. 7 weeks after that surgery, orthodontic tooth movement model was built in all the three groups. In this model, the rat＇s first molar of maxillary was dragged to the mesial, the orthodontic force of which was adjusted to 30 g. Three days before the force was made, 50 ILL Zoledronate solution（500 μmol/L）was injected to the mucoperiosteal that was near the furcation in the Zoledronate solution group rat＇s first molar, meanwhile, the rats in the other two groups were injected the same amount of saline in the same site. The rats in the model group and the Zoledronate solution group were put to death in the 3th, 7th, 14th and 21th day after the traction. The orthodontic tooth movement models were established by operation. The distance of tooth movement was measured and the periodontal tissues were histologically studied. Results Compared with the model group and control group, the distance of tooth movement in Zoledronate solution group reduced significantly at 7, 14 and 21 d （ all P 〈 0.05 ） ; Compared with the control group, the distance of tooth movement in model group increased significantly at 7, 14 and 2l d （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. Compared with the model group and control group, the quantity of osteoclasts in Zoledronate solution group reduced significantly at 7, 14 and 21 d （ all P 〈 0.05 ） ; Compared with the control group, the quantity of osteoclasts in model group increased significantly at 7, 14 and 21 d（ all P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions Local delivery of Zoledronate solution can inhibit osteoclastogenesis and tooth movement, which is good for periodontal tissue remodeling.