儿童和青少年错颌畸形患者正畸疼痛的影响因素分析

Analysis on the factors influencing the pain experience of preadolescents and adolescents during orthodontic treatment

目的探讨儿童和青少年错颌畸形患者正畸疼痛的影响因素,为预防和减轻患者正畸疼痛提供依据。方法选择正在进行正畸治疗的儿童和青少年错颌畸形患者120例,在患者戴上矫治器后,由研究者对患者在复诊时或电话随访时填写调查问卷,记录患者开始发生疼痛或不适的时间及持续时间,采用视觉模拟量表评价患者的疼痛程度。结果与儿童比较,青少年高峰疼痛强度低,疼痛持续时间短(P均<0.05);与固定矫治者比较,活动矫治疼痛持续时间短(P<0.05)。多元线性逐步回归分析示矫治方法与开始疼痛时间、高峰疼痛强度和疼痛持续时间相关,而焦虑程度与高峰疼痛强度和疼痛持续时间相关。结论年龄、矫治方法和焦虑程度是影响儿童和青少年错颌畸形患者正畸疼痛的因素。

Objective To investigate the factors may affect the pain experience and provide base for the prevention and relief of pain in preadolescents and adolescents during orthodontic treatment. Methods Data were collected from 120 preadolescents and adolescents. The investigator completed a questionnaire of the patients during their further consultation or by telephone follow up. The start time and duration of pain were observed after placement of the appliance, the visual an- alog scale was used to evaluate the severity of pain. Results Compared with the preadolescent group, the top intensity of the adolescent group was significantly lower, and duration of pain was significantly shorter （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. Fixed appli- ances created higher top intensity and longer duration of pain than removal appliances （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. Multiple linear step- wise regression analysis proved treatment method was correlated to the start time, top intensity and duration of pain. The level of anxiety was correlated to top intensity and duration of pain. Conclusion Age, treatment method and the level of anxiety may be the important factors influencing the orthodontic pain of preadoleseents and adolescents during orthodontic treatment.