不同药剂防治香蕉枯萎病效果评价

Evaluation of Control Affection of Fungicides on Fusarium Wilt of Banana

为了筛选防治香蕉枯萎病的药剂,测定了9种药剂在PDA平板上的抑菌效果,以及它们在土壤中的抑菌率。结果表明,50%咪鲜胺可湿性粉剂、50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂和50%福美双可湿性粉剂的500倍稀释液在PDA平板上具有显著的抑菌效果,平均抑菌圈直径分别为3.14cm、1.86cm和1.51cm,它们在土壤中抑菌率分别为85.19%、75.31%和54.32%,显著高于其他药剂。选用这3种药剂和溴氯海因进行盆栽试验,结果表明,每株香蕉分别施用200mL的上述4种药剂1000倍稀释液,连续施用3次,咪鲜胺、多菌灵和福美双的盆栽防治效果分别为64.65%、48.23%和45.71%,显著高于溴氯海因药剂的防效26.77%。这些结果为香蕉枯萎病的综合防控提供了重要信息。

To screen the fungicides for controlling Fusarium wilt of banana,inhibition activities of nine fungicides to the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense were tested on PDA（potato dextrose agar） medium and in soil.The results showed that inhibition zone of 500-fold dilution of 50% prochloraz（WP）,50% carbendazim（WP） and 50% thiram（WP） have the diameters of 3.14 cm,1.86 cm and 1.51 cm,respectively,but other fungicides tested showed no inhibition zone on PDA plates.Moreover,their inhibition rates in soil were 85.19%,75.31% and 54.32%,respectively,significantly higher than that of other fungicides tested.The control efficiencies of the three fungicides as well as hydantoin（TC） were further evaluated in plot experiment,by treatment with 200 mL 1000-fold dilution per plant for 3 times.The results showed that control efficiacies of 50% prochloraz（WP）,50% carbendazim（WP） and 50% thiram（WP） were 64.65%,48.23% and 45.71%,respectively,markedly higher than that of Hydantoin（TC）.These data provided useful information for control of Fusarium wilt of banana.