山岭隧道塌方风险评价的属性识别模型与应用

Attribute Recognition Model and Its Application of Mountain Tunnel Collapse Risk Assessment

塌方是山岭隧道施工中最为常见的事故之一,为确保隧道施工安全,本文基于属性数学理论建立了隧道塌方风险分级的属性识别模型.在综合分析塌方影响因素的基础上,选取围岩级别、隧道埋深、偏压角度、岩体完整情况、地下水影响和施工因素6个主要因素作为评价指标,结合超前地质预报方法对指标进行定量描述,确定各评价指标的分级标准;对评价指标进行属性测度分析,通过构造属性测度函数计算样本的单指标属性测度和综合属性测度;应用置信度准则对隧道样本的塌方风险进行属性识别.在工程应用中,通过属性识别模型并结合超前地质预报数据,对郑家垭隧道进行塌方风险评估,结果与实际施工情况一致;并且与模糊层次分析法和可拓综合评估法的结果吻合性较好,说明建立的属性识别模型对有无地质预报数据的样本都能得出准确的风险评估结果,有更好的适用性,为山岭隧道塌方的风险评估提供了一个有效的途径.

The occurrence of collapse is common in tunnels construction. In order to ensure the construction safety of mountain tunnels, attribute recognition model based on attribute mathematical theory was developed for assessment of collapse in tunnels. By comprehensively considering the influencing factors of the collapse, the surrounding rock grade, tunnel depth, angle of unsymmetrical pressure, rock mass integrity, groundwater status and construction factor were selected as the indexes for the risk assessment of the collapse. A quantitative analysis of the indexes by the data of tsp was studied and the criteria for the classification were determined. Attribute measurement functions were rigorously constructed to compute attribute measurement of single index and synthetic attribute measurement. The identification and classification of risk assessment of mountain tunnel samples were recognized by the confidence criterion. An exemplification study of＇ Zheng Jiaya tunnel showed that the assessment results obtained through attribute measurement analysis and the date of geological forecast agreed well with the tunnel construction. The assessment results agreed well with the results obtained by the FAHP and extension assessment method, and the attribute measurement analysis model can be drawn on accurate risk assessment results whether the geological forecast data provides an effective way to assess the collapse risk of the tunnel.