晚明“欲”观念的审美内涵

The Aesthetic Connotations of “Desire” Idea in Late Ming Dynasty

晚明时期,长期被束缚的自然感性欲望得到了极大的张扬,文人以感性欲望的满足为人生重要目标。晚明文人的欲望追求建立在对日常生活的精心经营之上,包涵着复杂而丰富的审美内涵。首先,对感性欲望的关注极大拓宽了审美视野,"欲"的满足和转化意味着人的解放,象征着美向日常生活的回归;其次,文人在欲望追逐中沉醉与彷徨,努力在日常生活的领域建构人生理想;体验到的除了生命本真的快乐与价值,还有对欲望复杂涵意的反思,反映了文人的精神挣扎与自我意识的觉醒。

In the late Ming dynasty period, natural perceptual desire that had been bound for a long time greatly displayed. To meet the perceptual desire became an important life goal for literati. The desire pursuit of literati in Late Ming dynasty based on elaborate management of daily lives, containing complex and rich aesthetic connota- tions. First of all, the interest in desire greatly widened the aesthetic vision, the fulfillment and transformation of ＂desire＂ meant the liberation of human beings, which was the symbol of beauty returning to daily life. Second, li- terati were intoxicated and wandered in the pursuit of desire. They tried hard to construct their life ideal based on daily lives. Besides true happiness and value of life, literati got reflection on complex connotations of desire in the pursuit of them, which reflected the spiritual struggle and awaking of self- awareness of literati. Therefore, the re- lationship between ＂desire＂ idea and the aesthetic experience in late Ming dynasty is also complex.