主流博弈论的思维缺陷:行为指导和现象解释的审视

The Thinking Limitation of Mainstream Game Theory: An Examination on the Guidance for Behavior and the Explanation for Phenomena

主流博弈理论虽然注意到互动双方策略的相互依赖性,却没有考虑到互动本身对理性内涵的改变诉求,相反,它简单地承袭了新古典经济学的工具理性,将孤立而单向的个体理性联合在一起探究行为互动。结果主流博弈思维在应用中遇到明显问题:一是在现象解释上,主流博弈思维所得出的囚徒困境这一普遍结论与日常生活中广泛的合作现象相冲突;二是在行为指导上,主流博弈思维所衍生出俄狄普斯效应强化了功利主义和机会主义倾向,从而无助于摆脱囚徒困境。因此,有必要重新审视主流博弈思维及其理性基础。

The mainstream game theory pays attention to the mutual dependence of the interaction strategy, but it doesnt consider the appeal of changing the connotation of rationality raised by interaction itself. On the contrary, it simply adopts the tool rationality from neo-classical economics, and takes the isolated and one-way directional individual rationality together to explore the behavior interaction. As a result, there are some obvious problems for the application of the mainstream game thinking. On the one hand, as for the explanation on social phenomena, the general conclusion as prisoner＇s dilemma derived by it conflicts with the wide cooperation phenomena in daily life. On the other hand, as for the guidance human behavior, the Oedipus effects derived by it strengthens the trend of utilitarianism and opportunism and cannot help get rid of Prison＇s dilemma. Therefore, it is necessary to re-examine the mainstream game thinking and its rationality basis.