被误读的官方数据——揭示真实的中国对外直接投资模式

A Misread Official Data: The True Pattern of Chinese ODI

过去十年，中国对外直接投资增长迅猛，由几乎可以忽略不计，到如今成为全球第五大投资国。“海外中国”、“中国的跨国企业”对全球的生产模式、经营规则、价值理念都产生了极大的影响、争议和挑战。然而，不完善的统计制度、抽象概括的统计报告、只言片语的媒体报道，难以避免地产生了对中国海外直接投资的种种误读。而当前阶段的中国对外直接投资又呈现出不同于以往发达国家和发展中国家的投资模式，其核心在于加强国内生产和提高国内企业的技术水平和竞争实力。中国对外直接投资的主体和投资行业正呈现出日益多元化的整体趋势，与国内结构调整和经济转型的迫切要求同步。

China's outward direct investment (ODI) grew dramatically from almost ignorable to the fifth largest in the world in the past decade. Overseas Chinese presence and multinationals have presented significant impact on, and brought challenges to, the existing global production pattern, business practice and values and aroused controversies. However, the porous statistics system, oversimplified statistical reports as well as inadequate media reports have inevitably led to misunderstanding of the Chinese ODI. At the current stage, the Chinese ODI is different from that of both developed and developing economies in the past. Its core purpose is to strengthen the country's domestic productivity and improve the technological level and competitiveness of its domestic enterprises. Some large and high-profile deals in natural resources and manufacturing have masked the real pattern of the Chinese ODI, which is becoming increasingly more diversified in terms of both investors and invested industries. Such an evolving trajectory is in line with the imminent requirement of the country's domestic economic restructuring.