不同石榴品种果实成熟期酚类物质组分与含量分析

Analyses on polyphenol composition and contents of different pomegranate cultivars at fruit maturation stage

【目的】为了揭示不同石榴品种成熟期果实酚类物质组分与含量的差异,【方法】以‘水晶甜’、‘红宝石’和‘绿宝石’3个不同果色表现型(白皮、红皮、绿皮)石榴品种为试材,利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分别测定其果皮、种子和果汁中酚类物质的组分与含量。【结果】各石榴品种果皮和种子中共检测到13种酚类物质,果汁中检测到12种,未检测到表儿茶素。不同品种同一部位酚类物质含量差异显著,在果皮、种子和果汁中‘绿宝石’石榴多酚含量最高,‘水晶甜’果皮和果汁中多酚含量最低,‘红宝石’种子中多酚含量最低。各石榴品种不同部位多酚的总量均是果皮(5.957 mg·g-1)最高,主要成分为对羟基苯甲酸、表儿茶素和儿茶素;果汁(1.037 mg·g-1)次之,主要成分为儿茶素和对羟基苯甲酸;种子(0.295 mg·g-1)含量最低,主要成分为根皮苷和儿茶素。【结论】石榴不同品种不同部位酚类物质含量存在显著差异。

【Objective】 The objective of the study was to reveal the differences in polyphenol composition and content among different pomegranate cultivars at fruit maturation stage.【Method】 Polyphenol composition and content in different fruit parts of three cultivars with different color（white,red,and green）,＇Shuijintian＇,＇Hongbaoshi＇,and ＇Lübaoshi＇ were investigated using HPLC method.【Result】 Thirteen kinds of phenolic compounds were identified in peel and seed and only twelve kinds in juice（without epicatechin）.There was significant difference in the polyphenol content of the same part among three cultivars.＇Lübaoshi＇ was the richest in the polyphenol content of peel,seed and juice among the 3 cultivars tested.In the peel and juice,the polyphenol content in ＇Shuijintian＇ was the lowest.In the seed,the polyphenol content in ＇Hongbaoshi＇ was the lowest.The total polyphenol content was the highest in the peel（5.957 mg·g^-1） with parahydroxybenzoic acid,epicatechin,and catechin as the main composition.The second highest was observed in juice（1.037 mg·g^-1） with catechin and parahydroxybenzoic acid as the main composition.The total polyphenol content was the lowest in the seed（0.295 mg·g^-1） in which phloridzin and catechin were the mainly composition.【Conclusion】The studies suggested that there were significant differences in the polyphenol content among cultivars and the fruit parts in pomegranate.