形容词作谓语的不完句效应研究

On the sentence incompleteness effect of adjectives used as predicates

本文从形式语义学的角度研究汉语性质形容词作谓语的不完句效应。在对性质形容词作谓语能够完句的各种句法结构进行分析的基础上,本文指出相关结构都属于焦点位置,性质形容词作谓语能否完句与这些焦点位置直接相关。基于这一概括,本文进一步对这一关联进行了理论分析,提出性质形容词谓语句是类指句。文章认为,焦点能够提供变量,从而将性质形容词作谓语要求出现在焦点环境归因于Kratzer(1995)提出的"禁止空量化"原则。

This study aims to study the sentence incompleteness effect of Chinese property adjectives as predicates in terms of formal semantics.After analyzing the various syntactic structures which make complete the sentences with property adjectives used as predicates,we propose that all the relevant structures are closely related to focus.Based on this observation,we further provide a theoretical analysis,proposing that sentences with property adjectives used as predicates are generic sentences.We argue that since focus can provide variables,the constraints that sentences with property adjectives as predicates should occur in focus conditions can be attributed to the rule Prohibition against Vacuous Quantification(PAVQ) proposed by Kratzer(1995).