安徽省某镇空巢老人抑郁因素分析

Depression prevalence status and the influencing factors in empty nest elderly in a town of Anhui province

目的:了解安徽省某镇空巢老人抑郁现状,分析其相关影响因素。方法:采用整群抽样方法选择安徽省某镇作为研究地区,以生活质量问卷SF-36及抑郁自评量表SDS对60岁以上老人进行调查。结果:共调查695名老人,抑郁症状检出率为20.43%;其中非空巢老人352人,抑郁症状检出率为13.92%;空巢老人343人,抑郁症状检出率为27.11%,其中空巢夫妻同住老人256人,抑郁症状检出率为25.78%;空巢独居老人87人,抑郁症状检出率为31.03%;空巢独居老人抑郁症状检出率最高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。Logistic回归分析显示性别(OR=0.543)、经济收入(OR=0.518)、对生活满意度(OR=0.499)、家庭关系(OR=1.632)与抑郁症状相关。结论:空巢老人的抑郁症状发生率较高,影响因素复杂,我们应加强对空巢老人特别是独居空巢老人的关注,从提高经济收入、改善家庭关系等方面有针对性地提供更多的社会支持。

Objective：To survey on the depression prevalence status among the empty nest elderly living in a town of Anhui province and analyze the related influencing factors. Methods ： By randomized cluster sampiing,the empty nest population aged over 60 in an township area were surveyed using Quality of Life Questionnaire（SF-36） and Self-Rating Depression scale （ SDS ）. Results ： The detected rate for depression was 20.43% in the total 695 subjects,in whom 352 were non-empty nest elderly and 343 were empty living, and the depression detectable was 13.92% for the former and 27.11% for the latter. Detectable depression was also found in 256（25.78% ） subjects living with their spouse and in 87 （31.03%） of single empty living, which suggested that the emotional disorder most hit the empty nest elderly of single living and had statistical difference （P 〈0. 001 ）. Logistic regression analysis showed that the depressive state was associated with sexes （ OR = 0. 543 ） , family income （ OR = 0.518 ） ,living satisfaction （ OR = 0. 499 ） and family relationship （ OR = 1. 632 ）. Conclusion ： The depression appears relatively highly prevalent in empty nest population and involved in a series of complex factors, therefore, the empty nest elderly, especiall）, those of single empty living, shall gain more social support and our attention by improving their individual income and family member relationship.