老年药物不良反应报告80例分析

Analysis of 80 adverse drug reaction reports in elderly

目的探讨药物不良反应(adverse drug reactions,ADR)的发生特点和规律,更好地为临床提供合理用药服务。方法回顾本科2010年7月～2011年12月的80例老年患者ADR报告资料,分析ADR患者的年龄、性别、分布的器官与系统及其临床表现、给药途径等资料。结果 61～70岁人群ADR发生率最多,为45例(56.25%);静脉给药途径ADR发生率最高,为66例(82.50%);抗菌药物ADR发生比例最高,为37例(46.25%),其次为中药制剂16例(20.00%);ADR涉及系统和器官中穿刺所造成的局部损害最多,为32例(40.00%),皮肤及附件22例(27.50%)和消化系统9例(11.25%)。结论临床药师应加强ADR的临床监测,提高临床监控水准,严格掌握和实施合理用药原则,在保证治疗效果的同时尽量减少ADR的发生。

Objective To discuss the occurrence characteristics and law of adverse drug reaction （ADR） in order to provide rational drug use in clinic. Methods Eighty cases of ADR reports from the aged admitted into our department from July 2010 to December 2011 were reviewed and analyzed based on the medical records of the sex and age of pa- tients, routes of administration, involved organs and systems, and clinical manifestations, etc. Results In age composi- tion, the patients aged from 61 to 70 with the highest ADR incidence which were 45 cases （56.25%）. 66 cases ap- peared ADR by intravenous administration with the highest incidence, which were 66 cases （82.50%）. Among the dis- tribution of drug categories, 37 cases of ADR were caused by antibiotics that topped the list. The Chinese medicine preparations （16 cases, accounted for 20.00%） in the second place. The principal clinical manifestation of ADR was local damage on puncturing involved organs and systems （32 cases, accounted for 40.00%）, then the skin and its annex （22 cases, aceouned for 27.50%） and digestive system （9 cases, accounted for 11.25%）. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists should strengthen ADR clinical monitoring, improve its level, strictly adhere to and implement the principles of ratio- nal drug use, and ensure the therapeutic effect while minimizing the occurrence of ADR.