《学》《庸》工夫论概观

An Overview of the Theory of Self Cultivation of "The Great Learning" and "The Doctrine of the Mean"

儒学的根本在工夫。《学》《庸》工夫论从主张修身之必要到一切人皆以修身为本的变化,说明工夫既是道德也是政治伦理的内容。诚之既包括主体对善的自觉,也包括明善之后诚身的实践;诚意虽内在地包含着慎独和毋自欺,但它还不仅包括传统儒家理解的意向的真切不妄,而且包括往往被忽略的意识的真实可靠。中庸之道和大学之道虽各有自己的结构和内容,而它们本质上仍是以近道为工夫论的基本特点。三纲领八条目作为无穷尽的工夫过程是"近道"思想的根据。近道思想是儒者自我反思和自我批判的表现。

The fundamentals of Confucianism lie in self cultivation. In the theory of self - cultivation of ＂ The Great Learning＂ and ＂The Doctrine of the Mean＂, the change character to that everybody should take self - cultivation morality and the connotation of political ethics. Sincerity and the practice of the sincerity after figuring out goodnes in the argument from the necessity of cultivating one＇s moral as the fundamentals explains that self- cultivation is both the involves both the conscientiousness of the subject to goodness s. Sincerity inherently contains inner concentration and no self - deception. It includes not only the distinction and non - absurdity of the intention understood by traditional Confu- cians, but also the reality and reliability of consciousness often neglected. While the Doctrine of the Mean （golden mean） or the doctrine of the Great Learning has its own structure and contents, each takes approaching the doctrine as the basic features of the theory of self - cultivation in essence. As an endless process of self - cultivation, three guiding principles and eight entries form the foundation of the thought of ＂approaching the doctrine＂. The thought of ＂approac- hing the doctrine＂ is the expression of introspection and self - criticism of Confucians.