论近代中国铁路高等教育办学起点

The Starting Point of Railway Higher Education in Modern China

近代中国铁路高等教育的办学起点是一个长期争论的问题。根据招生条件和课程体系、教学组织形式和管理体制、专业设置和培养目标、办学理念和办学特色、毕业生能力和技术水平等几个方面对天津北洋武备学堂、北洋大学堂、芦汉铁路学堂、山海关北洋铁路官学堂几所学堂进行比较分析,结果表明,山海关北洋铁路官学堂具有独立的办学理念和特色,其招生及课程体系、专业设置和人才培养机制健全,是近代中国第一所铁路高等学堂。

The argument over the starting point of railway higher education in modern China has lasted for a long time. Following the analysis and comparison of conditions for recruitment of students, organizational form of teaching, professional setup and training objectives, management system, education philosophy and characteristics, capabilities and technology, graduates level of Tianjin Peiyang Military School, Peiyang University, Luhan Railway School, and Shanhai Pass Peiyang Railroad Official School, we conclude that with independent education concepts, unique characteristics, comprehensive enrollment and curriculum system, and complete major setting and talent cultivation mechanism the Shanhai Pass Peiyang Railroad Official School is the first school engaging in railway higher education in modern China.