新生儿低血糖高危因素分析

Analysis of high risk factors of neonatal hypoglycemia

目的探讨引起新生儿低血糖发生的高危因素及临床特点和预后,为临床诊治及预防提供依据。方法对1000例住院的新生儿的血糖进行常规监测,对确诊的105例低血糖患儿的临床资料进行统计、分析。结果早产儿、足月小于胎龄儿、出生时有窒息史、喂养困难、感染、高胆红素血症、糖尿病母亲娩出的新生儿为新生儿低血糖高危因素。出院后随访5例有运动障碍和智力异常。结论对于早产及足月小于胎龄儿、潜在感染、围生期窒息、喂养困难等有低血糖高危因素的新生儿应严密监测血糖,早开奶,加强喂养,必要时静脉补充,早期诊断和治疗是防止低血糖脑损伤及脑发育障碍的关键。

Objective To investigate the risk factors, clinical characteristics and prognosis of neonatal hypo-glycemia in order to provide the basis for clinical diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Methods Routine monitoring of blood glucose was performed in all hospitalized neonates. The statistical analysis for the clinical data of neonates with confirmed hypoglycemia was performed. Results The high risk factors of neonatal hypoglycemia included neo-nates with birth asphyxia, premature neonates, full-term small gestational age neonates, neonates with feeding diffi-culties, infection and hyperbilirubinemia, neonates of diabetic mothers. Dyskinesia and dysnoesia were found in 5 pa-tients during follow-up after discharge from hospital. Conclusion For neonates with risk factors of hypoglycemia ,in- cluding preterm and term small gestational age neonates, neonates with potential infection, perinatal asphyxia, feed-ing difficulties, the close monitoring should be performed and given early feeding and strengthened feeding, if necessa-ry intravenous supplement. Early diagnosis and treatment is the key to preventing hypoglycemic brain injury and brain development retardation.