民勤绿洲边缘区人口资源与生态环境协调发展实证

Demonstration of scientific development of population,resources and eco-environment restoration in fringe areas of Minqin oasis

由于"人口增长—资源紧缺—环境恶化"的恶性循环,民勤绿洲正在走向崩溃的边缘.以理论探索与实证研究相结合,系统探索了民勤绿洲边缘区人口资源环境协调发展的新途径.选取民勤东湖镇正新村为实证研究对象,建立以压沙育林为主的生态治理、以草畜产业为主的结构调整和以生态补偿为主的脱贫致富三位一体的模式,即"正新模式".结果表明年用水总量减少2/3,地下水配置比例由近50%减少为7%,生态用水比例由0.8%增加至93%,生态效益明显;农民人均年纯收入由3 700元增加至5200元,收入构成更加稳定合理.绿洲边缘区推广"正新模式"综合效益显著,切实可行,实现了经济发展和生态治理的双赢,可为民勤绿洲可持续发展作出贡献.

The Minqin oasis is going to disappear due to the contradictions between population needs and resources and to the vicious cycle between desertification and poverty.This paper explored a new way for scientific development of the population and resources in fringe areas of Minqin oasis using both theoretical and demonstrativie studies.Zhengxin village was selected as an object of study.A typical model was established, integrating ecological restoration based on sand fixation and forestation,industrial structural adjustment focused on animal husbandry and making people richer through ecological compensation.This is the so-called ＂Zhengxin model＂ and the results from it demonstrated that total water consumption had been reduced by 2/3 and the proportion of groundwater decreased from 50%to 7%,whereas the proportion of ecological water increased from 0.8%to 93%;also,the average annual income of people there went up to 5 200 yuan from 3 500 yuan and the income structure has become more rational.Applying the ＂Zhengxin model＂ to the whole oasis fringe areas of Minqin basin is feasible and will bring notable effects.