幼儿用筷现状及教师相关观念调查——兼谈如何理解和贯彻落实《3～6岁儿童学习与发展指南》中有关幼儿用筷能力发展的要求

The Status and Teachers’ Related Idea of Children Using Chopsticks:How to Understand and Implement Requirements of Children’s Ability of Using Chopsticks in Guidelines on Early Learning and Development for Children Aged 3-6

在中国文化背景下，用筷子进餐是一项重要的生活技能，同时也能促进幼儿精细动作的发展与脑的发育。对浙江省82所幼儿园及186位幼儿园教师就幼儿用筷现状及教师对幼儿用筷观念所作的调查表明，幼儿园对引导幼儿用筷的关注度较低，仅14.6％的幼儿园要求幼儿用筷进餐，其中75％的幼儿是从大班上学期开始学习用筷子的：教师不愿意教幼儿用筷或不愿意让幼儿用筷主要是出于对筷子的安全性和使用难度等问题的考虑。幼儿园如果安排用筷教学和幼儿用筷实践活动，宜从中班上学期（约4岁）开始，同时要强调家园合作，创设适宜的环境，对幼儿进行安全教育，以促使他们安全用筷，逐步熟练用筷。

In China, using chopsticks is an important life skill,also can promote children＇s fine motor development and brain development. This study surveyed 82 kindergartens and 186 kindergarten teachers about the status and teachers＇ idea of chopsticks using. The results show that kindergartens pay low attention to guiding children to use chopsticks and only 14.6% of kindergartens offer chopsticks for children; 75% of the children are not required to use chopsticks until they are 5 years old in the kindergarten; the major concerns teachers have about chopsticks using is the safety and difficulty of using chopsticks. We consider that the best time to teach children to use chopsticks and let children dine using chopsticks is when they are 4 years old. Meanwhile, it is also important for teachers to work with parents creating comfortable surrounding for children to learn and practice safely so that they can gradually learn to use chopsticks skillfiflly.