前摄干扰对工作记忆的作用--大脑如何解决前摄干扰？

The Role of Proactive Interference to Working Memory: How the Brain Resolve Proactive Interference?

前摄干扰(PI)对工作记忆有决定性影响。注意加工理论认为处于工作记忆"注意焦点"的信息不受PI影响,偏向-竞争理论则提出个体对熟悉信息和情景信息代码做出权重评估,解决工作记忆PI效应。研究者从工作记忆编码和提取加工的PI效应、内容相关和情景相关的PI效应、PI消除的脑成像特征等角度进行了验证,多数结果支持偏向-竞争理论。未来研究应使用脑成像技术探讨PI效应与工作记忆子系统、子功能之间的关系等主题。

Proactive interference （PI） is one of crucial factors which affects the limited capacity of working memory. The theory of attention process proposes that the information located at the ＂focus of attention＂ of working memory will not be affected by PI. The theory of bias-competence proposes that the PI will be reduced in working memory by assigning a high weight to probe. Most of studies support the bias-competence theory by exploring the PI effect during the encoding and retrieving process, the content-related and context-related PI effect, and the brain mechanism of PI resolution, respectively. Future studies are needed to assess the relationship between PI and the sub-composition of working memory, the sub-function of working memory using fMRI and ERPs technology.