甲型H1N1流行性感冒流行病学研究进展

A Progress on epidemiological research of influenza A(H1N1)

2009年3月发生于墨西哥的甲型H1N1流行性感冒(下称流感)病毒传染性强,人群因对这个新型病毒缺乏免疫力而普遍易感,导致疾病在短时间内迅速蔓延而至全球大流行。该流感在初期被命名为"猪流感",WHO为避免引起猪肉及其肉产品是不安全的误解,将原名"猪流感"重新命名为"甲型H1N1流感"。2009年6月11日—2010年8月10日全球大流行后,人们对该疾病的流行特征有所认识,但新型甲型H1N1流感并没有结束,局部暴发疫情仍有发生,病毒抗原逐渐发生变异。作者从甲型H1N1流感的病毒起源、病原学特征、流行概况、传染源、传播途径、易感人群、住院及危重症死亡特征等方面对该次流感暴发以来的相关研究结果进行了总结,为人们全面认识这次流感的发生发展、病原变异、流行特征提供参考,以便做好更大规模甲型H1N1流感流行的应对工作。

Influenza A（H1N1） occurred in March 2009 in Mexico has strong infectivity.The crowd are susceptible to this new virus due to lack of immunity,and the influenza spread rapidly in a short time,and even caused global pandemic.This influenza was named the ＂swine influenza＂ in initial stage,however WHO renamed it to ＂Influenza A（H1N1）＂ in order to avoid the misunderstanding towards pork and pork products.The epidemiological characteristics of this disease have been understood from the global pandemic during June 11,2009 to August 10,2010,but it＇s not the end of influenza A（H1N1） pandemic,the local outbreaks still have happened,and the mutations of virus antigen have happened gradually.The author summarizes the related study results since this pandemic from the aspects of viral origin,etiological characteristics,epidemic situation,infection sources,transmission routes,susceptible population,as well as characteristics among inpatients and critical cases,so as to provide the reference for comprehensive understanding of development,virus mutation and epidemiological characteristics of this pandemic,and actively cope with the more larger-scale pandemic of influenza A（H1N1）.