简述药物引起的耳毒性及防治措施

Ototoxicity Induced by Drugs and Prevention Measures

目的分析药物引起的耳毒性,为临床用药提供指导。方法根据文献、药品说明书及临床报道所致耳毒性的药物,结合临床实践进行回顾性分析。结果耳毒性药物大致分为5类,分别是抗生素类、非甾体抗炎药、抗肿瘤药物、袢利尿药和抗疟药。结论加强用药知识宣传,重视各种耳毒性药物对内耳的毒害作用,防止耳毒性药物的滥用,能够避免耳毒性的发生。

Objective To analyze drug-induced ototoxicity and provide guidance for clinical practice.Methods According to the literature,manual of medicines and clinical reports about ototoxicity-inducing drugs,combined with clinical practice,a retrospective analysis was conducted.Results The ototoxic drugs can be divided into five categories： antibiotics,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,antineoplastic drugs,loop diuretics and antimalarial drugs.Conclusion The occurrence of ototoxicity can be avoided by strengthening the medication knowledge propaganda,attaching attention to toxicity to inner ear by various ototoxic drugs,preventing abuse use of ototoxic drugs.