基于LMS自适应时延估计和FPGA的超声波测风系统研究

The ultrasonic wind measurement system based on LMS adaptive time delay estimation algorithm and FPGA

利用超声波传感器进行风速测量时,温度对超声波传播有很大影响,时延估计对超声波测风系统的精度起到很大的作用。本超声波测风系统为避免温度对风速测量中的影响,采用了基于时差法的测量原理,为了提高时延估计值的精度,提出了基于最小均方(LMS)自适应时延估计的测量方法,研制了以单片机Atmega128和现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)为核心的硬件系统。仿真和实际测试的结果表明,该超声波测风系统的时延估计值精确度较高,具有很高的应用价值。

In the case of application of ultrasonic sensor for wind speed measurement, the temperature has an important influence on ultrasonic propagation, and the time delay plays a vital role in the system of ultrasonic wind speed measurement. The method based on Least Mean Square （LMS） adaptive time delay estimation algorithm is proposed to gain higher precision, a hardware system consists of Microprocessor Atmega128 and Field Programmable Gate Array （FPGA） is completed. Finally, the simulation and measurement results show that the time delay estimation has a higher accuracy and the system of ultrasonic wind measurement has higher application value.