合肥地区2011年健康人群流行性脑脊髓膜炎带菌率调查与分析

Investigation and analysis of carrier rate of neisseria meningitidis strain among healthy population in Hefei,2011

目的了解2011年合肥地区健康人群流行性脑脊髓膜炎带菌状况,为制定流脑的防控措施提供依据。方法按分层整群抽样方法,在全市范围于流脑流行前期采集6个年龄组健康人群咽拭子666份,现场接种于卵黄双抗琼脂培养基进行脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌分离培养,对可疑菌落进行生化和血清学鉴定。结果咽拭子脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌阳性检出31份,带菌率4.65%;菌株分别为A、B、C、D、X群,其中A群14株、B群12株,带菌率分别为45.16%、38.71%,C群3株,带菌率为9.68%,D、X群各1株。12～15岁儿童流脑带菌率最高,为10.00%,各年龄组带菌率差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.06,P<0.05)。男性带菌率5.49%、女性带菌率3.75%,城区人群带菌率4.98%、农村人群带菌率4.47%,差异均无统计学意义。结论合肥市健康人群流脑带菌率为4.65%,12～岁组人群流脑带菌率较高,警惕A群流脑菌群的流行。

Objective To understand the status of neisseria meningitidis carrier rate among healthy population in Hefei,and provide the basis for formulating prevention and control measures.Methods The stratified cluster sampling was used to collect 666 throat swabs from healthy people of six age groups,then the samples were cultured on EPV media and identified by biochemical and serological methods.Results A total of 31 strains including Group A,B,C,D,X of neisseria meningitidis were isolated,and the positive rate was 4.65%.Group A（14 strains） and Group B（12 strains）,Group C（3 strains） accounted for 45.16%,38.71% and 9.68%,respectively.There was 1 strain belonging to Group D and Group X respectively.The carriage rate of adolescents of 12-15 years old was the first one（10.0%） in all age groups.There was significant difference among different age groups（χ2=13.06,P0.05）..There was no significant difference between males（5.49%） and females（3.75%）,and urban（4.98%） and rural（4.47%） areas.Conclusion The carrier rate of neisseria meningitidis strain among healthy people was 4.65% in Hefei in 2011,and it was higher in 12-15 years old group.We should be alert to the prevalence of Group A.