复杂地形区域通达度模拟和分析——以天山北坡经济带为例

Simulate and Analysis on Regional Accessibility of Complex Terrains in the Economic Belt of Northern Slop of Tianshan Mountains

采用空间句法模型、日常可达性模型和等时圈通过特征点算法,将节点、轴线和域面结合,研究复杂地形的区域通达度,多视角综合测度天山北坡经济带路网通达性的空间格局。研究结果表明:1)区域路网线段式空间伸展格局呈"点—轴"状,轴线式空间伸展格局呈"干—枝"状,初步形成核心、过渡、外围三大等级圈层及双"十"字形路网骨架。2)城镇可达性在较大程度上取决于区域中心性、周边路网发达程度和城镇密集程度,区域中心城市乌鲁木齐对整个区域路网的控制作用较强,应提升奎屯作为区域副中心城市的地位,同时要强化精河和霍城(清水河)的门户城市功能。3)区域通达度空间分布各异,核心板块连续性较好,外围板块受山脉、沙漠的影响较大。因此,加快建设乌鲁木齐绕城高速和东、西两个环状高速及连通或延伸向西开放的霍尔果斯和阿拉山口两个重点口岸的高速联络线,通过提高路网伺服能力克服自然条件的阻隔和限制,为天山北坡经济带的快速发展提供保障。

This paper attempts to combine nodes, axes and area to elaborate accessibility in the economic belt of northern slop of Tianshan Mountains. Based on space syntax, daily accessibility and isochronous rings according to algorithm of feature points, the spatial pattern of accessibility of road network are evaluated synthetically in multi-angle. The result shows： ]） The spatial pattern of segment type stretches along the＂ point-axis＂ style while the spatial pattern of axis type stretches along the＂ trunk- branch＂shape. Core ring, transition ring, and periphery ring of three grade level as well as double ＂＋＂ shape of road network is preliminary formed. 2） Urban accessibility, to a great extent, depends on the regional geometric centre, the development level of the surrounding road network and intensive degree of urban or town. Although geographically location biased towards regional eastern, the control action of Urumqi City as a main central city to entire regional road network are apparent because surround- ing road network and urban distribution are relatively concentrated. It is very important to enhance position as a secondary cen- tral city of Kuytun City and strengthen functions as gateway cities of Jinghe County and Huocheng County （or Qingshuihe Town）. 3） Spatial distribution of regional accessibility is significantly different so that continuity of central plates are obvious and restricted of peripheral plates are apparent because of desert and mountain. Therefore, it is urgent for break through barrier of natural conditions to accelerate construction of belt highway in Urumqi City as well as ring network in eastern and western region and to connect or extend of contact line of highway about two border crossings of open the door for Central Asia, and it is useful for rapid development of economy and society to building good infrastructure in the economic belt of northern slop of Tianshan Mountains.