固有免疫在慢性阻塞性肺疾病发病机制中的作用

The role of innate immune in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是气道慢性炎症性疾病，在炎症的启动及持续过程中，固有免疫的重要组成部分模式识别受体（PRRs）起到了重要作用。PRRs主要包括Toll样受体、NOD样受体、RIG-I样受体。香烟烟雾、病原菌可以直接或间接通过损伤相关分子模式及病原体相关分子模式激活PRRs，使NF-κB依赖的促炎症基因表达，导致气道慢性炎症的形成及持续；此外，PRRs的先天情况也决定了COPD的易感性。固有免疫反应产生的炎症介质与慢性支气管炎、COPD中肺泡的破坏、基质成分的降解及组织的重塑有关。本文主要讨论PRRs在COPD发生发展中的作用。

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） is a chronic inflammatory airway disease, pattern recognition receptors （PRRs）which are important components of the innate immune, play an important role in the inflammation starting and continuing process. The PRRs mainly include Toll-like receptors, NOD-like receptors and RIG-I like receptor. Cigarettes smoke and pathogenic microorganisms can directly or indirectly activate PRRs, then make the NF-κB-dependent promoting inflammation genes＇ expression, and eventually lead to airway chronic inflammatory. In addition, the congenital conditions of PRRs also determine susceptibility to COPD. Inflammatory mediators produced by the innate immune response are closely related to and chronic bronchitis, alveolar destruction, degradation of the matrix components and tissue remodeling in COPD. In this article we focus on the role of PRRs role in the development of COPD.