现代国家构建视域下的草场生态治理方式变迁

Changes of the Mode of Governance on Grassland Ecology from the Perspective of State-Building

国家政权建设,并非只涉及权力扩张,更为实质性的内容是它涉及权力本身性质的变化。伴随着近现代国家政权建设的进行,草场生态治理方式也经历了一个变化的过程,从传统社会的多维治理,到革命时代的国家强制,再到改革时期的市场化运作。同时,草场生态政策出现了"再集中"的趋势。基于现代国家构建的背景,未来的草场生态治理有必要尊重牧民权利,增强牧民集体行动能力,强化地方基层政府的功能,进而实现牧民与国家,特别是与地方基层政府间的良性互动。

The meaning of State-building, not only involves the power expansion, but also involves the changing nature of power itself. In the process of State-building, the mode of governance on grassland ecology changed, from the traditional multiple dimensions of social governance, to a national force in the revolutionary era, then to the market operation in the reform period. At the same time, the policy of grassland ecology is in a ＂concentration＂ trend. In the background of building modern state, the future of grassland ecological governance need to respect the rights of pastoralists, enhance herdsmen＇s capacity for collective action, and strengthen the functions of local grass-roots government.