脐带源与骨髓源干细胞移植治疗大鼠脊髓损伤的疗效比较

The comparison of curative effects between mesenchymal stem cells of the human umbilical cord and mesenchymal stem cells of rat bone marrow in rats with spinal cord injuries

目的观察人脐带间充质干细胞（HUCMSCs）与大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）移植治疗大鼠脊髓损伤后的功能恢复和急慢性排斥反应。方法选取SD大鼠40只按随机数字表随机分成3组：脐带间充质干细胞移植组16只、骨髓间充质干细胞移植组16只和PBS组8只。采用脊髓半切手术制作大鼠脊髓损伤模型，损伤后对脐带间充质干细胞移植组进行HUCMSCs移植，对骨髓间充质干细胞移植组行大鼠BMSCs移植，对PBS组移植同等剂量的PBS。通过BBB评分对各组动物的术后恢复进行评估比较。用ELISA法测定移植后3组动物不同时间点（移植后1周、1个月、2个月及3个月）血中IL-2及IL-10的水平，并通过免疫组化的方法检测移植局部病理切片CD3＋细胞浸润的情况。结果在移植后1周、1个月、2个月及3个月时，检测到干细胞移植组各个时间点大鼠静脉血中IL-2水平较PBS组明显升高，而IL-10水平较PBS组明显下降，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞移植组在移植后1周、1个月、2个月及3个月时大鼠静脉血中IL-2水平较脐带间充质干细胞移植组明显升高，IL-10水平较对照组明显下降，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。三组在急性期（细胞移植后1周）移植局部均有大量CD3＋细胞浸润。而移植的慢性期（细胞移植后3个月）大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞移植组仍存在大量CD3＋细胞浸润，与其他两组相比差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论异体干细胞细胞移植后可发生急、慢性免疫排斥反应。HUCMSCs较大鼠BMSCs有更低的免疫源性，更利于脊髓损伤的功能恢复。

Objective To observe changes in the functional recovery and immunological rejection of rats after spinal cord injuries with the treatment of transplanting human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow mesenehymal stem ceils, to find the right stem cells for clinical procedures through this experiment, and to investigate the mechanism of immunological rejection after transplanting the cells. Methods Forty SD rats were selected randomly and divided into 3 groups. 16 rats were placed in the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation group, 16 rats in the bone marrow mesenehymal stem cell transplantation group, and 8 rats in the PBS group. The levels of 1I -2 and IL - 10 in the blood of each group were detected at different times （ 1W and 2M, and 3 months after the cell transplantation） to reflect the systemic immunological rejection of the goat after transplantation. The CD3 ＋ cells in the cell transplantation areas of each group were also detected with immunohistochemistry to reflect local immune rejection after transplantations. Results 1. The level of IL - 2 was obviously higher than the PBS group 1W and 2M and 3 months after the cell transplantation （ P 〈 0. 05）. Meanwhile, IL - 10 was Contrary to the IL - 2. 2. The level of IL - 2 was obviously higher than the PBS group 1W and 2M and 3 months after the celltransplantation （ P 〈 0. 05）. Meanwhile, IL - 10 was Contrary to the IL - 2. 3. The quantity of CD3 ＋ cells in all groups were much at the aeute period （ 1 W after cell transplantation）, hut only the quantity of CD3 ＋ cells in the hone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation group was much larger compared to the other groups at the chronic period 3 months after eell transplantation （ P 〈0. 05 ）. Conclusion Systemic and local immunological rejections at acute or chronic periods will appear in rats with spinal cord injuries that underwent stem cell transplantations. Compared with bone marrow mesenehymal stem cells, the umbilical cord mesenehymal stein cells signifieantly have lower immunogenieity and more suited for functional recovery.