应用DNA条形码技术对蚤蝇科性二型鉴别

DNA-based identification of sexual dimorphism in the Phoridae (Diptera)

蚤蝇科昆虫种类众多,其幼虫食性分化明显,具典型的性二型现象,面临物种鉴定与系统发育重建两大难题。依靠网络技术发展起来的DNA分类,特别是基于单一短片度的DNA条形码技术的快速发展和应用给解决蚤蝇难题带来了新的契机和突破点。本文针对4种实验室长期饲养的尸食性蚤蝇:蛆症异蚤蝇Megaselia scalaris(Loew),东亚异蚤蝇Megaselia spiracularis Schmitz,广东栅蚤蝇Diplonevra peregrina(Wiedemann)和角喙栓蚤蝇Dohrniphora cornuta(Bigot),应用676 bp COⅠ基因序列对性二型蚤蝇进行雌雄配对,验证了DNA条形码在解决性二型配对难题方面的有效性,同时为蚤蝇系统分类学、生物防治、口岸检疫以及法医鉴定等领域提供相应技术支持。

The Phoridae are an extremely large family within the Diptera. Phoridae are mainly small and often exhibit sexual dimorphism. More than 50% of described species are known from just one sex. The divisions of taxa within the family in the current classification system are widely disputed. Identification of many species and phylogenetie reconstruction remain as two important problems for resolution by the world＇ s phoridologists. Due to a lack of available morphological characters, it is very difficult to resolve these problems using traditional morphological methods, and DNA- based identification systems represent a promising approach to resolving this taxonomic impediment. We examined 4 species, Megaselia scalaris （Loew） , Megaselia spiraeularis Schmitz, Diplonevra peregrina （Wiedemann） and Dohrniphora cornuta （Bigot） , using DNA methods. Quick and accurate species-level identifications were provided by use of the 676 bp COI sequence, which could play an important role in taxonomy, biological control, port quarantine and forensic identification, etc.