摘要
目的探讨儿童脑血管病的临床特点。方法回顾性分析8例平均年龄为6.86岁的脑血管病患儿的年龄和性别分布情况与发病特点、病因、部位、诊断方法、治疗及预后情况。颅内出血诊断主要依赖头颅计算机断层扫描及核磁共振成像和数字减影血管成像。结果男女比例为6:2,起病以急性或者亚急性为主(7/8,87.5%)。主要临床表现依次为:单侧肢体乏力(4/8,50%),意识障碍(4/8,50.0%),头痛(4/8,50%),失语(1/8,12.5%),暂时性缺血性发作(i/8,12.5%)。全部病例中已知病因动静脉畸形(3/8,37.5%)与烟雾病(3/8,37.5%)为首位病因,其余病因为微小动脉瘤(1/8,12.5%)及海绵状血管瘤(1/8,12.5%)。烟雾病患儿均施以脑-硬膜-动脉-肌肉贴敷术,而动静脉畸形及微小动脉瘤患儿施以伽玛刀治疗。患儿总体治愈率为87.5oA(7/8),好转率为12.5%(1/8),病死率为0%。结论儿童脑血管病的发病有其特殊性,应高度重视伴有神经体征的患儿,尽早进行诊断与治疗,努力提高改善患儿预后。
Objective To demonstrate the clinical features of pediatric cerebrovascular diseases. Methods Data of 8 cases of pediatric cerebrovascular diseases, aged 6. 86 years, hospitalized in the past half year were analyzed retrospectively. The diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage was mainly based on computer tomography (CT),magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and digital substraction angiography (DSA). Results We study 6 boys and 2 girls. The onset of symptoms was acute or subacute in 87. 5 of the patients (7/8). The main manifestation included limbs debilitation (50. 0%), loss of conscious- ness (50. 0%) ,headache (50. 0%) ,aphasia (12. 5%) and transient ischemic attack (12. 5%). The cau- ses included arteriovenous malformation (AVM) (37. 5 %, 3/8), aneurysm ( 12. 5 %, 1/8), cavernoma (12. 5,1/8), moyamoya disease (37. 3%, 3/8). 7 patients (87. 5%) recovered, while 1 patients ( 12. 5 % ) showed improvement at discharged. Conclusions The clinical manifestation of pediatric cerebrovascular diseases has its own specificity. Patients with positive neurological signs should be thought highly and dealed timely to improve their outcome.
出处
《中华小儿外科杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期94-97,共4页
Chinese Journal of Pediatric Surgery
关键词
脑血管障碍
体层摄影术
X线计算机
磁共振成像
血管造影术
数字减影
Cerebrovascular disorders Tomography, X-Ray computed
Magnetic resonanceimaging Angiography, digital subtraction