功能性包涵体的研究进展

Advances in the Study of non-classical Inclusion Bodies

利用原核系统表达外源重组蛋白的一个特点是表达蛋白多以包涵体形式存在。在过去人们一直认为包涵体是错误折叠、无生物活性的蛋白,需要经过变复性的过程重新获得有生物活性、可溶的蛋白,因而变复性条件的摸索迄今仍然是该领域的难点。但近几年的研究表明包涵体并非都是无生物活性的,功能性包涵体(或者称为非传统意义包涵体)概念的提出是该领域的一个重大研究进展。由于功能性包涵体本身具有生物活性,可在非变性条件下提取,目前已经在生命科学的基础研究、生物制药、生物材料、生物催化等领域展现出良好的应用前景。重点从功能性包涵体的定义、形成机理、提取条件等近期研究进展进行综述,以期为原核细胞表达和工业生产重组蛋白药物提供新的思路。

Expression of heterologous genes in prokaryotic cell is a fast,simple and cheap way to produce large amount of target proteins,especially recombinant protein drugs.However,overexpression of recombinant protein often leads to the formation of aggregates called inclusion bodies（IBs）.In the past,IBs were recognized as deposits of misfolded and inactive proteins,and denaturation/renaturantion steps is necessary for isolation of biologically active protein.Until recently,IBs have been described as biological activity,which can be extracted from non-denaturing conditions,named non-classical Inclusion bodies（ncIBs）.This review which focuses on the definition,mechanism and extraction of ncIBs is expected to provide valuable references for the research and exploit of recombination protein productions.