圈地运动今昔论

A historical study of the land enclosures

圈地运动,是英国历史上发生的一次历史持久、影响深远的土地变革运动。这场运动,改变了土地财产权,改变了土地使用和耕作方式,改变了村庄的布局和面貌,改变了很多人的命运。马克思主义理论家认为,使劳动者与他的劳动条件的所有权分离,是资本主义生产方式开始的前提,而圈地运动,迫使小农失地破产、成为雇佣工人的历史过程,正好满足了资本主义生产实现的条件,是原始积累的一种途径。在圈地运动的最后历史过去百年之后,对其进行的研究和解读变得日益复杂,这既反映了研究角度的变化,也反映了新时代赋予历史研究的阐释需求,发人深省。

The British enclosure of land is a historical campaign with far-reaching influences upon land reforms.Changed are the land property right,use of land,way of farming,layout of villages,and the fate of many.Marxists claim that the separation of laborers from their property rights acts as the precondition for the capitalist mode of production.It is through the enclosure of land that farmers gradually lose land and become employed workers.This paper reviews the complicated studies of the land enclosures over the past century.