复杂聚合物链结构的可控制备与新材料

Controllable preparation of complex polymer chains and novel materials

自由基聚合与配位聚合的产物通常为宽分子量分布的均聚物或无规共聚物。近二十年来,活性/可控自由基聚合、活性/可控配位聚合、链穿梭聚合的研究取得突破。这些方法使得几乎所有的乙烯基单体,特别是廉价易得的单体,都可用作原料来制备原来无法制备得到的两嵌段、多嵌段共聚物、梯度共聚物等更为复杂聚合链结构。合理设计这些复杂的链结构,有望得到高性能、高附加值合成材料。介绍了这些新型聚合原理的机理、新进展,讨论了它们潜在的应用前景。

The product from free radical and coordination polymerization generally are homopolymer or random copolymer with broad molecular weight distribution. In the past two decades, the breakthroughs in controlled/living radical and coordination polymerization and shuttling polymerization make it possible to use almost all vinyl monomers, particularly those cheap monomers, to produce more complex chain structures like di-, tri-block copolymer and gradient copolymers. With rational design, these copolymers might be high performance and high added value synthetic materials. The mechanisms and the up-to-date progress of these polymerization methods were introduced, and their possible applications were discussed.