经支气管淋巴结针吸活检技术探讨

Techniques for transbronchial needle aspiration of lymph nodes

经支气管针吸活检(transbronchial needle aspiration,TBNA)是支气管镜检查中的一个基本项目,是纵隔、肺门肿大淋巴结或占位性病变、肺癌分期、黏膜下病变等的重要诊断手段,随着经典TBNA的普及,特别是近年来超声实时引导下TBNA的出现,更引起人们的重视,在临床上起到越来越重要的作用。本文对TBNA具体操作时应注意的技术问题,包括术前准备、麻醉、进镜途径、穿刺针的选择、穿刺点的确定、穿刺技术、标本处理及并发症等方面进行了探讨,强调了TBNA是一系统工程,应注重每一环节,熟悉相关知识,有较熟练的支气管镜操作技术,并接受专业系统的培训,反复操作,不断提高。

Transbronchial needle aspiration（TBNA） is a bronchoscopie technique that provides access to masses within the mediastinum and hilum, staging of patients with lung cancer, and submucosal lesions. Factors such as preoperative preparation, anaesthesia, route of entrance, needle type, puncture site, techniques for punctio, sample preparation, and complications were emphasized. Operator should be trained for the procedures.