紫贻贝(Mytilus edulis)体内麻痹性贝毒室内降解研究

Depuration of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning by laboratory in Mytilus edulis

为了探讨麻痹性贝毒在紫贻贝(Mytilus edulis)体内的降解情况,于2009年4月中旬在大连市大窑湾海域采集640只紫贻贝在实验室条件下进行人工解毒试验。结果表明:实验第0 d时紫贻贝闭壳肌中的麻痹性贝毒以neo-STX为主,占总毒素含量的96.59%;性腺中只检测到GTX1一种组分,含量为43.17μgSTXeq/100 g;而紫贻贝的内脏团中的麻痹性贝毒含量最高,为162.68μgSTXeq/100 g,组成成分也复杂,共检出7种组分;外套膜和鳃中未检测到任何形式的麻痹性贝毒组分。在降解试验过程中,紫贻贝闭壳肌内的麻痹性贝毒的含量变化较小,但出现GTX3新组分;内脏团中的麻痹性贝毒变化较复杂,降解速度较快,实验第30 d时,仅检出一种组分neo-STX,含量为48.37μgSTXeq/100 g,共降解70.98%;而性腺中的GTX1在实验第3 d以后再未检出。

To analyze the depuration of paralytic shellfish poisoning （PSP） in Mytilus edulis,640 samples were collected in Dayao Bay of Dalian in middle April,2009. Which used to conduct depuration experiment in the laboratory. The results showed that neo-STX was the dominant one in adductor muscle which accounted for 96.59% of the total toxins, whereas only GTX1 （43.17 g STXeq/100 g） was detected in gonad. Digestive gland had got the highest PSP content （162.68 gSTXeq/100 g）. And seven toxin components were detected in this tissue while no PSP components were detected in mantle and gill respectively. During the PSP depuration experiment, the content of PSP in Mytilus edulis adductor muscle did not change significantly. Surprisingly, there appeared a new component GTX3 ; PSP changed in digestive gland was more complicated and reduced rapidly, at the end of the experiment only neo-STX was de- tected,the content was 48.37 gSTXeq/100 g,which reduced 70.98% ; while GTX1 was not detected in gonad after the third day of the experiment.