中国工业企业出口加剧还是缓和了工资性别歧视?

Does the Export of China′s Industrial Enterprises Exacerbate or Ease Gender Discrimination in Wages?

性别歧视一直都是经济学家乃至社会学家关注的问题,企业出口随着经济全球化的发展越来越普遍,从而企业出口是加剧还是缓和了劳动者的工资性别歧视值得关注。利用2004年中国工业经济普查数据进行实证检验认为:企业女性员工比率与人均工资的负相关性会随着企业出口而减弱,所以企业选择出口会缓和工资性别歧视;在以劳动者学历作为基准的研究中,学历越低的女性劳动者所受到的工资性别歧视越明显,而对各种学历劳动者而言,企业出口不会加剧女性员工所受到的工资性别歧视,反而会缓和女性员工所受到的歧视。

Gender discrimination has long been a topic of concern of economists and soci01o- gists, and export of enterprises is becoming more and more common with the development of eco- nomic globalization. Therefore, it is important for us to pay more attention to gender discrimination in wages of labors on whether it is exacerbated or eased by export. The empirical test by using in- dustrial economic census of China in 2004 show that the negative correlation of the female staff ra- tio and per capita wage is weakened with enterprise export more, so gender discrimination in wages can be eased if companies choose to export; studies based on the education background of labor show that the lower education female workers get, the more significant of the gender discrimination