微小RNA与糖尿病血管新生

miRNA and the angiogenesis in diabetes

微小核糖核酸（miRNA）是一类具有转录后调节活性的高度保守的非编码小分子RNA，参与多种生理过程，包括血糖的调节。血管新生和重塑在人体的生长发育和机体功能的修复中起重要作用，为正常机体所必须，如伤口的愈合、女性周期性子宫内膜的变化、血管闭塞后侧支循环的建立等。糖尿病患者体内存在多种miRNA的表达异常，如促进血管新生的miR．210、miR-93和miR-126的表达明显下降；相反，抑制血管新生的miR-320和miR-503的表达则明显上调，这些miRNAs参与了糖尿病多种血管并发症的发生。因此，它们可能为糖尿病血管病变如心、脑血管病变，视网膜病变和糖尿病足病的治疗提供新的分子靶点。

Micro ribonucleic acid （miRNA） are highly conversed small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression on the post-transcriptional level, which are implicated in and play crucial roles in a variety of physiological processes, including glucose homeostasis. Angiogenesis and remodelling is necessary for the physiological function, plays critical roles in the tissue growth, development and the recovery of organ function, such as wound healing, regular change of endometrium in female menstrual cycle and collateral circulation establishment after vascular occlusion. There were abnormal expression of many kinds of miRNAs in diabetic patients such as the decreasing expression of miR-210, miR-93 ,and miR-126 which stimulate the angiogenesis, and the increasing expression of miR-320 and miR-503 which inhibit the angiogenesis. These abnormal miRNA involved in various diabetic chronic vascular diseases. Therefore, they may provide the potential molecular therapeutic targets for diabetic vascular complications such as cardiovascular and cerebral vascular disease, retinopathy and diabetic foot.