青少年近视的危险因素研究

Study of relationship between sleep quality,obesity and juvenile myopia

【目的】探讨睡眠质量、肥胖和环境因素与青少年近视的关联性,为预防青少年近视提供参考依据。【方法】以年龄和性别为匹配因素,177对研究对象进行1∶1匹配的病例对照研究。【结果】单因素分析结果显示病例组睡眠质量指数中位数4±2高于对照组3±3(Z=4.08,P<0.05);肥胖(χ2=0.621)、超重(χ2=1.137)与青少年近视无关(P>0.05);父母近视(χ2=49.150)、躺着看书习惯(χ2=13.561)、趴着书写习惯(χ2=34.301)、眼距书本看书距离(χ2=16.724)、连续看书90min以上(χ2=13.701)、每日参加户外活动(χ2=13.263)与青少年近视有关并存在剂量效应关系(P<0.05);多因素条件Logistic回归分析结果显示睡眠质量指数分值(OR=1.21)、父母近视情况(OR=3.83)、趴着书写习惯(OR=1.58)、眼距书本看书距离(OR=1.59)是青少年近视的影响因素。【结论】睡眠质量差、父母近视、有趴着书写习惯、看书时双眼到书本的距离过近是青少年近视的危险因素。

[Objective] To investigate the relationship among sleep quality,obesity and juvenile myopia. [Method] 1 ： 1 pair matched case-control study was conducted. 177 pairs were matched by age and gender. [Results] Single factor analysis showed that the median of sleep quality of case group was higher than control group（Z=- 4.08, P〈0.05）. There was no statistical relation between juvenile myopia and other varibies such as obesity and overweight （P〉0.05） ,but had correlation with parents myopia（x2= 49. 150）, the practice of reading in bed （X^2 = 13. 561 ）, reading distance between eyes and book（X^2= 16. 724）,reading for 90minutes（X^2= 13. 701）,taking part in air activities（X^2=13. 263）,and had doseeffect （P〈0.05）. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that sleep quality （OR=1.21 ）, parents myopia （OR = 3.83）, writing face down （OR= 1.58） and reading distance between eyes and book （OR=1.59） were the risk factors of juvenile myopia. [Conclusion] Sleep quality, parents myopia, writing face down and reading distance between eyes and book are the disk factors of juvenile myopia.