2010年与2000年太原市城乡中小学生体质状况比较

A comparative study on constitution of the primary and secondary students from urban and rural areas in Taiyuan in 2010 and 2000

目的了解太原市2010年与2000年7-18岁城乡中小学生体质状况的差别，为促进学生体质健康状况提供对策和建议。方法将太原市2000年和2010年7～18岁中小学生体质健康调研结果进行对比分析。结果2010年与2000年比较，7～18岁城乡学生身高、体质量、胸围呈现增长趋势，乡村学生增长快于城市学生。7～12岁身高增长值城市男生低于乡村男生0．30cm，城市女生低于乡村女生0．87cm；体质量增重值城市男生低于乡村男生0．56kg，城市女生低于乡村女生0．23kg；胸围增长值城市男生低于乡村男生0．56cm，城市女生低于乡村女生1．36cm。13-18岁身高增长值城市男生低于乡村男生2．74cm，城市女生低于乡村女生0．84cm；体质量增重值城市男生低于乡村男生2．74妇，城市女生低于乡村女生2．10kg；胸围增长值城市男生低于乡村男生1．00cm，城市女生高于乡村女生0．23cm。10年间，城市学生肺活量略有增高，城市学生肺功能好于乡村学生。太原市7～18岁城市男女生在握力、13～18岁男女生在立定跳远、13～18岁城市男女生在耐力上略有提高外，其余项目均呈下降趋势，城市学生比乡村学生下降更快。结论城乡学生身体形态发育呈现增长趋势，城市学生肺功能呈现上升趋势，城乡学生身体素质呈现下降趋势，应尽快制定相关措施，改善学生体质状况。

Objective To explore the difference of the constitution of the primary and secondary students aged from 7 to 18 in Taiyuan in 2010 and 2000. Methods By analyzing the data from the physical fitness and health surveillance of chinese school students in Taiyuan in 2000 and 2010. Make a comparison of students＇ constitution and health between 2010 and 2000. Results Compare with 2000, the body height, weight, chest circumference of the primary and secondary students had persistently increased aged from 7 to 18 in 2010. The body height, weight, chest circumference of the rural students rised more quickly than urban students. For the students aged from 7 to 12, the increment of rural students in height was 0.30 cm and 0.87 cm higher than urban respectively of the male and female students; the increment of rural students in weight was 0.56 kg and 0.23 kg heavier than urban respectively of the male and female students; the increment of rural students in chest circumference was 0.56 cm and 1.36 cm higher than urban respectively of the male and female students. For the 13-18 year students, the body height increment of urban boys and girls were 2.74 em, 0.84 em less than rural boys and girls respectively; the growth of urban male and females weight was 2.74 kg and 2.10 kg lower than rural respectively of the male and female students; the chest circumference increment of urban boys and girls were 1.00 cm, 0.23 cm less than rural boys and girls respectively. In 2000, the urban students＇ vital capacity （VC） increased slightly, their VC was higher than the students from rural schools. The score of 7-18 year students＇ grip, 13-18-year-old school children＇s standing long jump and 13-18 year students＇ endurance was increased. The other indexes showed the downtrend,and the level of the urban students decreases more quickly than the rural students. Conclusion The morphological growth of students from cities and countries presente an increasing trend. Lung capacity of the urban students show an increasing tendency, the urban and rural students＇ physical quality shows the downtrend. Therefore, joint efforts must be taken to improve students physical constitution.