陕西省宝鸡市石鼓山西周墓

A Report on the Excavation of a Western Zhou Tomb in Shigushan,Baoji,Shaanxi Province

宝鸡石鼓山西周墓位于陕西省宝鸡市渭滨区石鼓镇石嘴头村四组,2012年发掘了一座长方形竖穴土圹墓石鼓山M3,墓葬下部四周有熟土二层台,墓葬的东、北、西壁有壁龛。葬具两椁一棺。出土器物有铜礼器、兵器、马器等,其中铜礼器共14类31件。墓葬时代可能为为西周早期,可能上至商末周初。出土的铜礼器组合完整,造型精美,应为一座等级较高的贵族墓葬。该墓的发掘为商周青铜器以及西周埋葬制度的研究提供了极其重要的新资料,对西周历史、文化、礼制发展等方面的研究也具有重要意义。

The Shigushan Western Zhou tombs are located at the Shizuitou village （unit no.4） in Shigu county of Weibin district, Baoji city, Shaanxi. The tomb M3 that was excavated in 2012 is in the form of vertical pit with rectangular profile and with second-level ledge of disturbed earth. Niches have been found on the east, north, and west sides of tomb wall. The tomb furnishings consist of an inner coffin and two chambers. Artifacts recovered from this tomb include bronze ritual vessels, weapons, and chariot fittings. Altogether 31 pieces representing 14 types of bronzes have been excavated. The tomb is dated to the transitional era from the Late Shang to the Western Zhou. As the assernblages of bronzes, which are all exquisite pieces of art, include almost every major kind of bronzes, the occupant should bc a rclativcly high-status aristocracy. In addi- tion, the excavation has provided essentially new data for the study of the Western Zhou bronzes and funeral systems. The new discovery also has the potential to yield significant new insights and substantially improve understanding of the Western Zhou history, culture, and ritual system.