商务印书馆《图书汇报》中的林纾——一种基于文学出版与传播的历史考察

Lin Shu in the “Information on Publication" Published by the Comnercial Press:A Historical Survey Based on the Literary Publication and Transmission

林纾与商务印书馆之间的关系,至少在20世纪10年代到40年代这一时期内,是一种在文化与商业市场双重意义上相辅相成的共生共存关系。这种关系既见证成就了林纾以及"林译小说"在现代翻译史和文学史上的一个传奇,亦成就了商务印书馆以一个作者为中心、通过若干既有商业市场包装促销之意又不失文化水平与行为品格的推销策略而造就一个知名出版品牌的传奇。通过对商务印书馆"图书汇报"以及相关文献的分析考察,不仅可以清晰地把握上述两者之间关系的基本历史面貌,亦可对这种关系的历史文化内涵,产生更为深切的认识与理解。与此同时,作为翻译家的林纾及"林译小说"在近现代语境中地位之变动,与现代知识的传播、现代文学的发展、现代学术体系的生成以及现代图书分类体系的建立,在一个阶段的同步之后,逐渐呈现出反向的互动关系。此类文学与文化现象,在商务印书馆出版的系列"图书汇报"中,不仅有现象式的呈现,而且亦能与林纾及"林译小说"这一时期的现实遭际彼此互证。

The relationship between Lin Shu and the Commercial Press was complementary coexistence in the sense of culture and commercial market at least in the 1910s to1940s. The relationship not only wit- nessed Lin Shu＇s achievement and helped ＂Novels Translated by Lin Shu＂ become a legend both in the history of modern translation and in the history of literature ; in the meantime, it also made the Commercial Press a legend in establishing a famous brand by using some marketing strategies instead of reducing the cultural level and losing the morality. Analyzing on the related articles in ＂information on publication＂ published by the Commercial Press, we can clearly know the historical cause for the relationship and can fully understand the historical and cultural context between them. Meanwhile, because of the spread of modern knowledge and the development of modern literature and appearance of the modern academic systems and the establishment of the modern book classification, Lin Shu, as a translator, and ＂Novels Translated by Lin Shu＂ became less impor- tant than before after keeping the same pace for a short period of time. Such literary and cultural phenomenon could be spotted in the series journals ＂Information on Publication＂ published by the Commercial Press, and the real condition of Lin Shu and the novels translated by him at that time could also provide a convincing proof.