沿海不同棚架构型温度变化规律及西瓜种植研究

Temperature Change Rules of Different Steel Greenhouses and Their Effects on Watermelon Cultivation

研究了不同棚型内的温度变化,以及其对西瓜生长和发育的影响。研究结果表明,棚高宽比大,棚内气温升高快,降低也快,日夜气温温差大,日夜地温温差大,气温保温性差,但地温保温性好;沿海地区大棚西瓜种植采用A4型棚(外棚顶高2.5 m、宽7.0 m,内棚顶高2.4 m、宽6.6 m,小棚顶高0.8 m、宽2.0 m)效果好,采用A1型棚(外棚顶高1.8 m、宽5.0 m,内棚顶高1.7 m、宽4.6 m,小棚顶高0.8 m、宽2.0 m)较为经济。

In the paper, we studied the temperature change rules of different types of steel greenhouses and their effects on the growth and development of watermelon. The results showed that, as the greenhouse depth-width ratio became larger, the atmospheric temperature in the greenhouses increased and reduced quicker, and the difference of the day and night earth temperature became larger, indicating their better maintaining effects on atmospheric temperature but worse maintaining effects on earth temperature. In the watermelon cultivation in coastal areas of Jiangsu, the greenhouse A4 possessed the best temperature maintaining effeets and comprehensive evaluation, and the structure of greenhouse A4 was as follows： the centre-height of the outer steel greenhouse, inner steel greenhouse and small arch shed were 2.5 m, 2.4 m and 0.8 m, with their width were 7.0 m, 6.6 m and 2.0 m, respectively. The greenhouse Ai was more affordable, and its structure was as follows： the centre-height of the outer steel greenhouse, inner steel greenhouse and small arch shed were 1.8 m, 1.7 m and 0.8 m, with their width were 5.0 m, 4.6 m and 2.0 m, respectively.